Инструкция по выполнению работы Экзаменационная
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| Единый государственный экзамен, 20 18 г. АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК Тренировочный вариант No5от 13.11.20172/ 11© 2017 Всероссийский проект « ЕГЭ 100 БАЛЛОВ » vk.com /ege 100ballovРазбор всех заданий: vk.com/english_100/2018kim05 Разрешается свободное копирование в некоммерческих образовательных целях ТРЕНИРОВОЧНЫЙ КИМ No 1 71113Единый государственный экзамен, 20 18 г. АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК Тренировочный вариант No5 от 13 . 11 .2017 1 / 11 © 2017 Всероссийский проект « ЕГЭ 100 БАЛЛОВ » vk . com / ege 100 ballov Разбор всех заданий : vk.com/english_100/2018kim0 5 Разрешается свободное копирование в некоммерческих образовательных целях ТРЕНИРОВОЧНЫЙ КИМ No 1 71113 Единый государственный экзамен по АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ Инструкция по выполнению работы Экзаменационная работа по английскому языку состоит из четырёх разделов (аудирование, чтение, грамматика и лексика, письмо), включающих в себя 40 заданий. На выполнение экзаменационн ой работы отводится 3 часа (180 минут). Ответы к заданиям 3–9, 12–18 и 32–38 записываются по приведённому ниже Образцу в виде одной цифры, которая соответствует номеру правильногоответа. Эту Цифру запишите в поле ответа в тексте работы, а затем перенесите в бланк ответов No 1. Ответы к заданиям 1, 2, 10, 11 записываются по приведённому ниже образцу в виде последовательности цифр. Эту последовательность цифр запишитев поле ответа В тексте работы, а затем перенесите В бланк ответов No 1. Ответы к заданиям 19-31 записываются по приведённому ниже образцу в виде слова (нескольких слов). Ответ запишите в поле ответа в тексте работы, а затем перенесите в бланк ответов No 1. Раздел 4 («Письмо») состоит из 2 заданий (39 и 40) и представляет собой небольшую письменную работу (написание личного письма и письменного высказывания с элементами рассуждения). В бланке ответов No 2 укажите номер задания и запишите ответ к нему. Все бланки ЕГЭ заполняются яркими чёрными чернилами. Допускается использование гелевой, или капиллярной, или перьевой ручек. При выполнении заданий можно пользоваться черновиком. Записи в черновике не учитываются при оценивании работы. Баллы,Полученные Вами за выполненные задания, суммируются. Постарайтесь выполнить как можно больше заданий и набрат ь н аибольшее количество баллов. Желаем успеха! 10. Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний. 1. The Secret of the Name 2. Space Exploration for Everyone 3. Ranking System Inventors 4. Having a Competitive Advantage 5. Working Areas at the Beginning 6. The World’s Best Business Model 7. How It All Started 8. Flourishing Business with Bright Prospects A . Google is now worth billions and has its own place within the Oxford English Dictionary as a verb, but it took two men with a big dream to turn a small idea into a reality that has made a significant contribution to how the world uses the internet. Larry Page and Sergey Brin were both PhD candidates when they met in 1996 at Stanford and came up with the concept for a search engine. T he main aim of both men was to organise all the information that could possibly be gathered around the world and present it in the form of an index, and this is exactly what they did. B. At first, they were considering BackRub as the name of a new service . One year later, in 1997, they renamed it and on the 14th September 1997 Google.com was officially registered as a domain name. A man named Milton Sirotta was responsible for coming up with the term from which Google was derived (googol), and it refers tothe number 1 with 100 zeros following it. C. When the team received its\$$100,000 cheque to begin developing this search engine in 1998, Page and Brin moved the operation to a garage in Palo Alto, but one year later, the company had grown considerably and this meant another move; this time to their very first offices within the same city. D . Over the years, millions of webmasters have tried their best to obtain a high PageRank, which is one of many indicators of the ‘authority’ and ‘link weight’ of any given website, however the term itself was only patented in September 2001 by the Google team. PageRank was an integral part of the core algorithm upon which the Google search engine operated, enabling it to ‘rank’ sites according to authority. It was in the same year that Larry Page, the namesake of PageRank, stepped down as CEO and Eric Schmidt took his place. E. The web-based email service that is now commonplace to Gmail fans was launched in 2004 and it quickly began to outrank the services being offe red by companies such as Microsoft and Yahoo. The storage capabilities were set at 1 GB —a storage capacity that was unheard of at the time. F. 2004 was also the year that Google Earth was launched which allowed the earth to be mapped to the desktop using satellite imagery. In 2005, Google joined up with NASA to produce Google Moon and Google Mars in which two applications allowed individuals to navigate both entities from the comfort of their own computers. The project was brought to fruition after a 1 million square feet development centre was built within the Ames Research Centre. G. Google is estimated to have around 54% of the market share for search engines with Yahoo! as its closest rival. The search engine gets more than 1 billion search requests each day, and with the incorporation of Google Ads, every click makes the company money. The business is now a household name, and there is no telling where or how they plan on expanding in the future; after all, for Google, the sky is no longer the limit. Ответ: A B C D E F G 11. Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя. Занесите цифры,обозначающие Соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу. The Great Wall of China, one of the greatest wonders of the world, was first built between 220–206 BC. In fact, it began as independent walls for different states A_______________________ and did not become the "Great" wall until the Qin Dynasty. Emperor Qin Shihuang succeeded in his effort to have the walls joined together B_______________________of the Chinese Empire from invasion. C_______________________and maintained over the years, between the 5th century BC and the 16th century.One of the myths D_______________________ is that it is the only man -made structure that can be seen from the moon with the naked eye. The legend originated in Richard Halliburton's 1938 book Second Book of Marvels. However, This myth is simply not true. Richard Halliburton's claim was contradicted E_______________________. A more plausible assumption would be to say that the Great Wall can be visible F_______________________which is not unique in this regard as many other artificial constructions can be seen from that height. 1.to serve as fortification to protect the northern borders 2.associated with the Great Wall of China 3.by astronauts Neil Armstrong and Yang Liwei 4.but good welfare services 5.when it was first built 6.from a low orbit of the earth 7.afterwards it was rebuilt Ответ: A B C D E F Прочитайте текст и выполните задания12–18. В Каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Be your own investigative journalistWe are often told that the age of the “information economy” has arrived. The idea is that intellectual work is becoming a more important source of wealth than manufacturing. There are already too many factories for the number of people who want to buy stuff, so the winners in the marketplace needto have a lead in terms of fashion, or technology to beat the competition. You can easily see this process at work in important industries like cars and clothing and computers where big companies prefer to concentrate on promoting their brand and let subcontractors do the less profitable work of manufacturing the products. But there is a problem with information as an organising principle in society. It only counts if people pay attention to it. Together with inventors and designers, the information economy needs Public Relations executives to make sure customers are getting the right message. So, faced with the increasing claims on our attention, organisations in other spheres of life have to do more to get their share of it too. So, PR people may work for politicians (then we call them “spin doctors”) or they may work for artists (then we call them “publicists” or “pluggers”.) Much news is compiled from press releases and reports of events deliberately staged for journalists. Journalists spend their time, not investigating, but passing on the words of a spokesperson, publicist or other professional propagandist. The manipulation of news is most clearly visible in times of war. A BBC journalist speaking about the present war in Iraq compared his situation with that of the reporters in Scoop, Waugh’s satirical novel on the press. In the book, everyone was sure that the real story was happening somewhere else —but they weren’t exactly sure how to get there. Nowadays, the journalist who arrives in the right place at the right time is almost guaranteed a world exclusive. Armed with digital cameras and satellite phones, they can file their story on the spot. Which is why the military control the movements of journalists even more closely. The best joke in Scoop is about the newspaper’s owner, Lord Copper. The editors can never disagree with him. When he’s right about something they answer “definitely”, and when he’s wrong they say “up to a point, Lord Copper.” It seems reasonable to suppose that, in the real world, the opinions of such powerful tycoons still influence the journalists and editors who work for them. In countries where the news is not officially controlled, it is likely to be provided by commercial organisations who depend on advertising. The news has to attract viewers and maintain its audience ratings. I suspect that some stories get air-time just because there happen to be exciting pictures to show. In Britain, we have the tabloid newspapers which millions of people read simplyfor entertainment, without even expecting to get any important information from them. I think this is why politicians’ speeches nowadays have to include a “sound bite” the small segment that seems to give a powerful message. There is progressively less room for historical background, or statistics, which are harder to present as a sensational story. The arrival of CNN, the 24-hour all-news channel, has not increased the amount of real news reporting because the format of the channel is designed so that people who want to get the headlines will not have to wait long. It tends to concentrate on the main story and repeat it. There is an argument that with spreading access to the internet and cheap technology for recording sound and images we will all be able to find exactly the information we want. People around the world will be able to publish their own eye-witness accounts and compete with the established news-gatherers on something like equal terms. Such people are called alternative reporters. I agree to this argument up to a point. But what it will also mean is that we’ll be subjected to a still greater amount of nonsense and lies. Any web log may contain the scoop of the year, or equally, a fabricated story that you will never be able to check. Maybe the time has come to do something about it, and I don’t just mean changing your choice of TV channel or newspaper. In a world where everyone wants you to listen to their version, you only have two choices: switch off altogether or start looking for sources you can trust. The true journalist is the investigative one. And the investigative journalist of the future is everyone who wants to know the truth. 12. What is the meaning of the phrase to have a lead in paragraph 1? 1)To move backwards 2)To be ahead 3)To compete 4)To change Ответ: 12 – 2 13.What can be inferred about journalists from paragraph 2? 1) There’re no more journalists, there are only PR practitioners. 2) They ignore press-releases and reports of events. 3) They change the message the businesses wantthem to convey. 4)They don’t conduct their own proper research but use parts of ready-made articles. 13. Ответ 4 14. Why do the military control the movements of journalists so closely nowadays? 1) They are afraid that the journalists may get killed. 2) They don’t know how to communicate with journalists. 3)They don’t want them to publish certain information. 4)They don’t like the journalists. Ответ: 3 15. What is the meaning of the joke from Scoop? 1) Power and money are sometimes stronger than truth. 2) Reporters must obey all the orders of the newspaper’s owner. 3) In the past most of the editors were dishonest people. 4)Nowadays there is no more self-censorship in media. Ответ: 1 16. According to paragraph 5, every statement below is true EXCEPT: 1) Some stories are chosen to be broadcast because of the good visual material they provide. 2) Politicians’ speeches tend to be more entertaining than thought-provoking. 3) Tabloid newspapers provide deep insight in the current political situation. 4) CNN doesn’t actually provide a wider news reporting than other media. Ответ: 3 17.What is the main danger of using new technologies in journalism, according to the author? 1) There will be too much information to consume. 2) The profession of a journalist will disappear. 3) There will be no more newspapers and magazines. 4) The risk of encountering false information will grow significantly. Ответ: 4 18.What is the author’s attitude towards the future of journalism? 1) hopeful 2) pessimistic 3) indifferent 4) sceptical Ответ: 1 По окончании выполнениязаданий 10–18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ No 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами. ОТВЕТЫ: 12 - 2 13 - 4 14 - 3 15 - 1 16 - 3 17 - 4 18 - 1 Грамматика и лексика Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты.Преобразуйте,еслинеобходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквамив конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19–25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19–25. The history of coffee The origin of coffee as a drink or a plant dates back to the middle the of the 15th century around Mocha in Yemen. It was in Arabia that coffee seeds were first roasted and brewed, in a similar way tohow it __________________ now.19. ( PREPARE) By the 16th century,__________________ the rest of the Middle East, Persia, Turkey, and northern Africa.20. (REACH) The first coffee smuggled out of the Middle East was by Sufi Baba Budan from Yemen to India in 1670. Before then, all exported coffee____________or otherwise sterilized. 21.(BOIL) The first plants grown from these smuggled seeds were planted in Mysore, in the state of Karnataka, India. Coffee then____________to Italy, and to the rest of Europe, to Indonesia, and to the Americas. 22.(SPREAD) When coffee reached North America during the Colonial period, it was initially not as successful as it__________________ in Europe as alcoholic beverages remained more popular. 23.(BE) During the Revolutionary War, the demand for coffee ______________so much that dealers had to hoard their scarce supplies and raise prices dramatically. 24.(INCREASE) Coffee was introduced to Brazil in 1727, although its cultivation did not gather momentum until independence in 1822. After this time massive tracts of rainforest_____________ for coffee plantations, first in the vicinity of Rio de Janeiro and later São Paulo. (CLEAR) Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26–31,однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы26–31. Trade / labor unions Trade unions or labor unions first appeared in Europe as a result of the______________ revolution. Workers were at the mercy of the employer. They were underpaid, lacked any sort of training, and sometimes mistreated 26. (INDUSTRY) When trade unions emerged, they became powerful__________________ . Workers got together and organized themselves to make sure that employers do not exploit them anymore.27.( ORGANIZE) Nowadays, the main goal of trade unions is to negotiate labor contracts with employers. The leaders of trade unions speak on behalf of workers and are ______________worried about wages, working conditions and the laws that govern the hiring, firing and promotion of workers. 28.(PREDOMINANT) In some cases unions may call for strikes to force employers to negotiate a deal or they may promote political legislation__________ to the interests of their members or workers as a whole. 29.(FAVOUR) To achieve this aim they may support and get closely linked to particular Political __________________ 30. (PARTY) Some people blame unions for creating tense atmosphere between employers and employees. Others even accuse them of engendering__________________ inflation 31.(RELENT) ОТВЕТЫ: 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Прочитайтетекст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32–38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям32–38,в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. *** The New Year is a wonderful time to redouble our commitment(32) _______mindfulness. Yet even as we (33) _______goals, it’s important to be(34) _______of any self-judging. Are the merciless standards of perfectionism just waiting to clamp down? Or can we combine commitment to practice (35) _______kindness toward ourselves? Here is the answer of Sharon Salzberg, author of “Real Happiness: The Power of Meditation”.First, begin the day by taking (36)_______minutes to just breathe, before checking emails, social media and news. What’s more,(37) _______shortperiods, between five and 15 minutes each day, where your intention is simply to be more mindful. Finally,(38) _______attention to the present moment in a gentle, accepting way. It can be while you are walking, sitting or lying down. 32. 1) for 2) to 3)in 4) on Ответ: 33. 1) put 2) fix 3) give 4) set Ответ: 34. 1) knowing 2) aware 3) informed 4) clear Ответ: 35. 1) to 2) in 3) with 4) on Ответ: 36. 1) a few 2) little 3) few 4) much Ответ: 37. 1) get away 2) set aside 3) give back 4) find out Ответ: 38. 1) draw 2) focus 3) concentrate 4) pay Ответ: По окончании выполнения заданий 19–38 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ No 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 19–31 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами. 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 Ответы |
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